Pokémon Red & Blue walkthrough
12 parts, one per checkpoint Pokémon Red & Blue’s own documentation defines: the areas each one opens, the wild Pokémon and trainers in them, and the fight at the end of it. Everything here is read off the game’s own files, so anything it doesn’t state isn’t claimed.
Part 1: Just started — no badges
7 areas · 12 trainers · Rival Blue (Bulbasaur), Rival Blue (Charmander), Rival Blue (Squirtle)
Part 2: Beat Brock — Pewter City Gym, badge 1
17 areas · 74 trainers · Rival Blue (Bulbasaur), Rival Blue (Charmander), Rival Blue (Squirtle) and 1 more
Part 3: Beat Misty — Cerulean City Gym, badge 2
1 area · 3 trainers · Misty
Part 4: Got HM01 Cut — S.S. Anne
13 areas · 118 trainers · Rival Blue (Bulbasaur), Rival Blue (Charmander), Rival Blue (Squirtle) and 1 more
Part 5: Beat Lt. Surge — Vermilion City Gym, badge 3
1 area · 3 trainers · Lt Surge
Part 6: Beat Erika — Celadon City Gym, badge 4
1 area · 8 trainers · Erika
Part 7: Got the Poké Flute — Pokémon Tower
8 areas · 49 trainers
Part 8: Beat Koga — Fuchsia City Gym, badge 5
11 areas · 42 trainers · Koga
Part 9: Beat Sabrina — Saffron City Gym, badge 6
1 area · 8 trainers · Sabrina
Part 10: Beat Blaine — Cinnabar Island Gym, badge 7
1 area · 8 trainers · Blaine
Part 11: Beat Giovanni — Viridian City Gym, badge 8
7 areas · 27 trainers · Elite Four Agatha, Elite Four Bruno, Elite Four Lance and 5 more
Part 12: Beat the Elite Four and the Champion
1 area
It also doesn't say when Kanto Underground Path opens up, so it is in no part above; it has its own route page.